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Skoda Feliciasince 1994 releaseRepair and operation of the car |
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Skoda Felicia + Cars of the Skoda Felicia brand + Maintenance instruction + Routine maintenance - Repair of the engine + Repair without extraction from the car of the petrol engine of 1.3 l - Repair without extraction from the car of the petrol engine of 1.6 l Description of the main knots and mechanisms Reduction of the piston of the first cylinder in the provision of the top dead point (TDP) of the end of a step of compression Check of compression pressure - an order of carrying out and interpretation of results Removal and installation of a belt of the GRM drive and its covers Removal, check of a state and installation of cogwheels and natyazhitel of a belt of the GRM drive Removal, installation and adjustment of effort of a tension of a belt of the drive of auxiliary units Removal and installation of a cover of a head of cylinders Replacement of an epiploon of the camshaft Replacement of epiploons of a bent shaft Removal and installation of a head of cylinders assembled with the inlet pipeline and a final collector Check of serviceability of functioning of hydraulic pushers Removal, check of a state and installation of a flywheel Check of a state and replacement of support of the power unit Removal and installation of the pallet of a case of the engine Removal and installation of the oil pump and maslozabornik + Repair without extraction from the car of the diesel engine + Dismantle of the power unit and capital repairs of the engine + Cooling systems, heating + Power supply system + Engine electric equipment + Coupling + Transmission + Power shafts + Brake system + Suspension bracket and steering + Body and finishing of salon + Onboard electric equipment |
Reduction of the piston of the first cylinder in the provision of the top dead point (TDP) of the end of a step of compression General information
The belt of the GRM drive is put on cogwheels of cranked and distributive shaft which rotate in a phase with each other. At removal of a gear gas-distributing belt in the course of service of the engine there is a possibility of an independent provorachivaniye of each of shaft that inevitably leads to violation of installation of phases of gas distribution. The design of the considered engine does not exclude a potential possibility of damage of pistons and valves at blow their friend about the friend near the upper bound of the course of pistons in view of lack of selections in the bottoms of the last. For the stated reason correctness of installation of phases of gas distribution is of particular importance and is reached due to exposure of the engine before installation of a gas-distributing belt in the certain starting position which received the name of the top dead point (TDP). After reduction of the engine in the provision of VMT before putting on of a belt of the GRM drive the provorachivaniye of cranked and distributive shaft in an individual order is not admissible at all.
The Top Dead Point (TDP) is called the highest point of a piston stroke in the cylinder. Generally speaking, in 4-stroke engines in the course of rotation of a bent shaft this situation is reached by the piston twice: once at the end of a step of compression and the second - at the end of a final step. For performance of settings of phases of gas distribution and installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition VMT of the end of a step of compression of the piston of the first cylinder is in most cases used. Also it is accepted to call this provision the provision of VMT of the engine (numbering of cylinders with 1 on 4 is made in the direction from a gas-distributing belt to a flywheel). In one of teeths of a cogwheel of a bent shaft the flute which combination with a reciprocal tag on a flange of an epiploon confirms reduction of pistons of the first and fourth cylinders in the provision of VMT is pierced. However, access to this cogwheel opens only after removal of the lower cover of a gas-distributing belt therefore on a face surface of a pulley of a shaft it is in addition provided risk which in the considered situation (VMT of pistons of the 1st and 4th cylinders) is combined with a zero mark in the lower cover of a belt. The cogwheel of the camshaft is also equipped with an adjusting dot tag which combination with the convex index cast on an internal cover of a gas-distributing belt confirms the fact of the correct reduction of the engine in the provision of VMT when the piston of the first cylinder is in the top dead point of the end of a step of compression. 6 The description of procedures of reduction of the engine in the provision of VMT is given at established and at the taken-off gas-distributing belt below. Reduction of the engine in the provision of VMT at the established GRM drive belt Before starting implementation of the procedure, disconnect a negative wire from the battery.
Cut off power system of ignition for what disconnect from a cover the central VV a wire and by means of a wire crossing point ground it on the mass of the block of cylinders. In order to avoid casual moving of the car cock the parking brake and prop up wedges back wheels. Make sure that RKPP is transferred to neutral transfer. Mark position of the VV plug of a wire of the first cylinder on a distributor cover concerning the case of the last. On some models such marking in the form of special risks is put already at manufacturer. Otherwise track a wire from the first cylinder to a distributor cover, then a marker or paint (not a slate pencil!) mark edge of the case of the distributor directly under the corresponding plug. Uncover the distributor (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine). Disconnect wire VV from spark plugs. Try to remember an order of their connection. For reduction of the piston of any of cylinders in the provision of VMT it is necessary to turn a bent shaft manually. Such provorachivaniye is made by means of a face key for the central bolt of fastening of a cogwheel of a shaft (see the Section Removal, check of a state and installation of cogwheels and a natyazhitel of a belt of the GRM drive). Turn a bent shaft in a normal naprvleniye (see Specifications at the beginning of the Head) so that the runner of the distributor was deployed by an electrode nose to a mark of the VV plug of a wire of a spark plug of the first cylinder in a case rim.
Remove the top cover of a gas-distributing belt (see the Section Removal and installation of a belt of the GRM drive and its covers) about the ensuring access purpose to the camshaft cogwheel located under it. Find adjusting tags on a cogwheel of the camshaft and internal section of a cover of a belt. Continue to rotate a bent shaft clockwise until tags completely are not combined. Now find adjusting tags on a pulley of a bent shaft and the lower cover of a belt. On a cover there are convex tags in the form of letters of Z and 0. When risk on a rim of a pulley it is combined with a zero mark, the engine will be VMT given to situation. Make sure that the runner of the distributor is still deployed by an electrode nose towards a mark of the plug of a candle of the first cylinder in an assembly case rim. If to achieve simultaneous combination of adjusting tags of shaft and the runner it is not possible, it is necessary to check correctness of installation of the distributor. (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine). After performance of all listed conditions VMT of the end of a step of compression given to situation can consider the piston of the first cylinder of the engine.
Reduction of the engine in the provision of VMT at the taken-off GRM drive belt Material of this subsection will help the amateur mechanic to return the engine to the provision of VMT in case of violation of combination of adjusting tags at the taken-off GRM drive belt during, for example, carrying out capital repairs of the power unit. Provorachivaniye of the camshaft at the taken-off gas-distributing belt and the bent shaft given to situation by VMT can lead to mechanical damages to result of contact of valves with the bottoms of pistons. In view of told, it is necessary to adhere strictly to the order of implementation of the procedure stated below. Before installation on the engine of a head of cylinders the bent shaft sledtst to turn in the normal direction for the central bolt of fastening of its cogwheel, having brought pistons of all cylinders into a middle part of their course. And, the piston of the first cylinder should be fixed on the compression step course, approximately for 90 ° before VMT. After installation of a head of cylinders and a cogwheel of the camshaft, find adjusting tags on a cogwheel and internal section of a cover of a gas-distributing belt. Having turned a camshaft cogwheel in the normal direction, achieve combination of the mentioned tags.
Now find tags on a cogwheel of a bent shaft and a flange of its forward epiploon. Now turn a bent shaft for the central bolt of a wheel in a normal naprvleniye approximately on 90 ° (a quarter of a turn) and achieve combination of tags check correctness of installation of the distributor (see the Head Elektrooborudovaniye of the engine). After performance of all listed conditions VMT of the end of a step of compression given to situation can consider the piston of the first cylinder of the engine.
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